Table of Contents - Volume 1

1. Building International Networks, Cooperation, and Capacity for Environmental Compliance and Enforcement: A Progress Report, C. Wasserman

Theme #3: Establishing International Cooperation and Regional Networks: Status of Efforts Underway

1. Summary Of Panel Discussion of Theme # 3, Moderator: M. Enthoven, Rapporteurs: S. Oley, K. Rubin
2. Emerging Networks of Environmental Enforcement and Compliance Cooperation in North America and the Western Hemisphere, S. A. Herman, L. I. Sperling
3. Toward Establishing a Regional Network in the West Asia/Middle East Region, O. A. El-Kholy
4. Establishing International Cooperation and Regional Networks, D. H. Slater, A. W. James
5. Enforcement and compliance Programs in Central America, P. Madrigal Cordero
6. International Cooperation: INTERPOL, J. van Doorn
7. Transfrontier Shipments of Waste: Successes and Problems with the Enforcement of Supranational Legislation, R. de Krom
8. A European Enforcement Project on the Notification of New Substances (NONS);A Cooperative Project of 14 European Countries, L.C. van Gent

1. The Evolving Role of Citizens in Environmental Enforcement, S. Casey-Lefkowitz, W. J. Futrell, J. Austin, S. Bass
2. International Capacity Building for Industrial Compliance and Enforcement -The UNEP Experience, J. Aloisi de Larderel, J. H. Skinner
3. UNEP’s Role in Capacity Building in Environmental Law, D. Kaniaru, L. Kurukulasuriya
4. International Capacity Building for Environmental Compliance and Enforcement, S. Becker
5. World Bank Supported Environment Institution Building Investments, J. Aden

1. Synopsis of UNEP Manual on Institution Building
2. Synopsis of Organizational Design Issues: A Comparison of International Compliance and Enforcement Programs
3. Synopsis of Financing Environmental Compliance and Enforcement Programs

Theme # 6: Special Topic and Institution-Building Workshops

Special Topic Workshop A: Automation and Enforcement: Available Support Systems

Information Systems to Support Compliance and Enforcement, C. R. Galloway

Special Topic Workshop B: Strategic Targeting for Enforcement

1. Summary of Workshop: Strategic Targeting For Enforcement, Facilitators: C. Currie, K. Prosser, Rapporteur: C. Cocault
2. Strategic Targeting for Compliance and Enforcement, R. F. Duffy

1. Summary of Workshop: Integrated Permitting and Inspection, Facilitators: J. Skinner, C. Wasserman, Rapporteur: J. Mozingo
2. Innovative Multi-media Compliance, Enforcement and Pollution Prevention Approaches to Environmental Compliance at Federal Facilities in the United States of America, R. B. Cheatham, J. R. Edward, W. H. Frank, R. J. Satterfield

1. Summary of Workshop: Compliance Monitoring, Facilitators: J. Blenkers, H. Laing, J. Skinner, Rapporteur: J. Jeffery
2. Institutional Strengthening and Capacity Building in the Field of Environmental Inspection and Enforcement in Denmark, G. Nielsen
3. Synopsis of International Comparison of Source Self-Monitoring, Reporting, and Recordkeeping Requirements
4. Synopsis of Multi-media Inspection Protocols: International Examples
5. Synopsis of Course: Conducting Multi-Media Inspections

Special Topic Workshop E: Promoting Voluntary Compliance: Environmental Auditing, Outreach, and Incentive Programs

1. Summary of Workshop: Promoting Voluntary Compliance: Environmental Auditing, Outreach, Incentive Programs, Facilitators: M. Olman, L. Rimer, Rapporteur: D. Novak
2. Legal Marketing of Environmental Law: The Philippines Experience, A. Oposa
3. The Mexican Environmental Audit as a Voluntary Norm, J. Calderon
4. Dutch Industrial Target Group Approach: An Enforcement Study on the Voluntary Environmental Agreement with Petrol Stations, H. P. Staats
5. Stimulating Voluntary Compliance: New Policy Directions in the United States: The Minnesota Experience, L. Paddock
6. Encouraging Voluntary Compliance without Compromising Enforcement: EPA’s 1995 Auditing Policy, E. S. Schaeffer
7. Dutch Industrial Target Group Approach: A National Enforcement Study on the Voluntary Environmental Agreement for the Wood Preservation Industry, W. Huurdeman

1. Summary of Workshop: Measures of Success, Facilitators: J. Peters, C. Wasserman, Rapporteur: J. Mozingo
2. Measuring the Success of Compliance and Enforcement Programs, R. F. Duffy

1. Summary of Workshop: Communications and Enforcement, Facilitators: R. Glaser, J. C. M. Veenman, J. Wise, Rapporteur: J. J. van Klaveren

Special Topic Workshop H: Public Role in Enforcement: How to Go About Creating and Supporting Effective Citizen Enforcement

1. Summary of Workshop: Public Involvement in Enforcement, Facilitators: M. Axline, J. van Dijk, Rapporteur: S. Casey-Lefkowitz
2. Environmental Enforcement and Public Advocacy in Ukraine, S. Kravchenko
3. Intergenerational Responsibility in the Philippine context as a Judicial Argument for Public Action on Deforestation, A. Oposa
4. Role of Public Participation in Enforcement, G. Sarmiento

Special Topic Workshop I: Criminal Enforcement: INTERPOL, Role of Criminal Enforcement in Environmental Enforcement

1. Summary of Workshop: Criminal Enforcement Role in Environment, Facilitators: T. Bispham, J. van Doorn, Rapporteurs: J. Gras, L. Sievers
2. The Environmental Task of the Police: 1990-1994, L. Sievers, M.J. Horstman
3. The Environmental Task of the Police: 1995-1998, L. Sievers, M.J. Horstman
4. Environmental Duties of the Police in the Netherlands, L. Sievers
5. Oregon’s Experience in Developing and Implementing a State Environmental Crimes Program, T. Bispham, H. Duncan, L. Carlough
6. Targeting and Criminal Enforcement, A. de Lange
7. The Environmental Criminal Justice in China, S. Wang
8. The Netherland’s Manual: Investigations of Complex Environmental Offenses, C. van Kooten

1. Summary of Workshop: Enforcement of Economic Instruments, Facilitators: J. van den Heuvel, J. Rothman, J. Wise, Rapporteur: D. Novak
2. Enforcement of Pollutant Discharge Fee in China, H. Baolin

1. Summary of Workshop: Creating Enforceable Permit Programs and Requirements: Discussion Focus on Water Pollution and Contamination of Drinking Water Supplies, Facilitators and Rapporteurs: P. van Erkelens, L. Crerar
2. The Pollution of Surface Waters Act in the Netherlands: A Story of Successful Enforcement, P. van Erkelens, M. Olman
3. The Enforcement of Drinking Water Quality in the Netherlands, J. Lijmbach-Hendrikx
4. Potassium and Nitrate Pollution of Surface Water in the Catchment Area of the "Blankaert" Water Production Centre in Flanders (Belgium), R. Baert, R. Loontiens, M. Devos
5. Protecting Drinking Water Quality Through the Clean Water Act and the Safe Drinking Water Act, B. Devlin

1. Summary of Workshop: Transboundary Illegal Shipments of Hazardous Waste; Tricks of the Trade, Facilitators: F. Kesselaar, J. Rothman, Rapporteur: R. Sturges
2. A United States Perspective on Transboundary Investigations: Recent Cases and Essential Strategies for Interdiction of International Environmental Crime, E. E. Devaney, M. J. Penders
3. The International Control of Transboundary Illegal Shipment of Hazardous Wastes: A Survey on Recent Cases Happened in China, X. Wang
4. Regional Action Program and Guidelines to Prevent Illegal Traffic in Hazardous Wastes in the Asia-Pacific Region, A. S. Tolentino, Jr.
5. Illegal transports of Waste: Tricks of the Trade, L.C. Blanker
6. Transboundary Illegal Shipments of Hazardous Waste, Toxic Chemicals (Pesticides) Contraband Chlorofluorohydrocarbons: The Nigerian Experience, M. T. Odubela, O. Soyombo, F. Adegbite, K. Ogunbuyi
7. Cradle-To-Grave Compliance Tracking of U.S./Mexico Transboundary Hazardous Waste: The Haztraks Tracking System, S. Coleman, J.V. Schultes
8. Synopsis of Transboundary Trade in Potentially Hazardous Substances

Special Topic Workshop N: Montreal Protocol: Enforcement of Chlorofluorocarbons (CFC) and Related Requirements

1. Summary of Workshop: Montreal Protocol: Enforcement of Chlorofluorocarbons (CFC)and Related Requirements, Facilitators: H. Kesselaar, I. Moreno, Rapporteur: R. Sturges
2. Regulations to Implement Montreal Protocol: Guatemala Country Program, J. M. Del Valle, H. Figuerora
3. Evaluation of Three Years enforcement of the Chlorofluorocarbons (CFC) Regulations in the Netherlands, G. A. H. Tijink, J. P. Cornet

1. Environmental Compliance and Enforcement: A Case of Nepal, K. P. Oli

1. Summary of Workshop: Organizing and Financing Programs, Facilitator: R. Glaser, L. Paddock, Rapporteur: K. Rubin

1. Summary of Workshop: Enforcement Policy and Authorities, Facilitators and Rapporteurs: M. Gade, J. Peters
2. Compliance Program Innovations in Polish Environmental Law, Z. Kamienski
3. Compliance Agreements for Environmental Risk Management in the Czech Republic, H. Cízková

Theme # 7: Making Progress: Regional Examples, Capacity-Building Agenda, International/Regional Networks

1. Africa Regional Meeting Summary
2. Americas Regional Meeting Summary

• Oaxaca Declaration
• Proceedings from Managua Meeting: Creation of the Central American Enforcement Network

1. Southeast Asia-Pacific Regional Meeting Summary
2. South Asia Regional Meeting Summary
3. Central and Eastern Europe Regional Meeting Summary
4. West Asia/Middle East Regional Meeting Summary
5. Western Europe Regional Meeting Summary
6. Information Sharing as an Environmental Policy Tool: The Indonesian Experience, N. Makarim, J. Butler
7. The City of Kitakyushu’s Experience Concerning the Implementation of Countermeasures for and Compliance with Environmental Protection Legislation, R. Hitsumoto
8. A Survey of Environmental Law and Enforcement Authorities in China, Y. Zhao
9. Enforcement of Legislation on Genetically Modified Organisms in the Netherlands, I. van der Leij, M. S. Thijssen
10. Environmental Laws, Capacity Building and Compliance Monitoring --The Hong Kong Experience, J. E. Boxall, W. F. S. Ho, C. K. Lei, C. W. Tse
11. Enforcement Problems with Radioactive Material in the National and International Trade in Metal and Metal Scrap, G. M. Breas and P. I. van der Vaart
12. Some Environmental and Enforcement Issues Relating to the Siting of a Medium Scale Steel Mill on the Shores of the Manukau Harbor, Auckland, New Zealand, C. Hatton
13. Enforcement Strategies of the Israel Ministry of the Environment, R. Rotenberg
14. Development and Enforcement of New Armenian Environmental Protection Legislation: Problems and Solutions, V. Ter-Nikghosyan
15. Features of Licensing and Control of Environment in Romania, I. D. Vasilescu
16. From Environmental Planning to Enforcement: A Case Study from Egypt, T. M. Genena
17. El Salvador’s Experience in the Design of Environmental Programs, G. Navarrete Lopez
18. The Role of Goals, Steps and Content of Comprehensive Compliance Programs in Achieving Environmental Compliance and Enforcement in Romania, D. Popescu
19. Thailand’s Environmental Enforcement Program, K. Homchean
20. The Range of Legal Enforcement Tools in Lithuania and Problems, D. Lygis
21. Licensing and Enforcement at Municipal and Provincial Level in North Brabant: Developments in Recent Years, J. Blenkers, N. Dols, P. vander Linden
22. An Integrated Approach to Environmental Enforcement -- A Case Study, B. Baron
23. Compliance and Enforcement Programs on Residual Waters, Case Study: Costa Rica’s Grande de Tarcoles River, M. A. Gonzalez Salasar
24. Development and Implementation of Information Exchange by Enforcement of Environmental Legislation, J. van Dijk

CLOSING REMARKS FOR THE FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENVIRONMENTAL COMPLIANCE AND ENFORCEMENT, S. A. Herman, P.J. Verkerk